Predator-prey systems depend on a prey refuge

Authored by W. J. Chivers, W. Gladstone, R. D. Herbert, M. M. Fuller

Date Published: 2014-11-07

DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2014.07.016

Sponsors: United States National Science Foundation (NSF)

Platforms: Python

Model Documentation: ODD Pseudocode

Model Code URLs: http://www.sciencedirect.com.ezproxy1.lib.asu.edu/science/MiamiMultiMediaURL/1-s2.0-S0022519314004135/1-s2.0-S0022519314004135-mmc1.pdf/272314/html/S0022519314004135/9344bb6c26d2dd01de52140cf5d9672a/mmc1.pdf

Abstract

Models of near-exclusive predator-prey systems such as that of the Canadian lynx and snowshoe hare have included factors such as a second prey species, a Holling Type II predator response and climatic or seasonal effects to reproduce sub-sets of six signature patterns in the empirical data. We present an agent-based model which does not require the factors or constraints of previous models to reproduce all six patterns in persistent populations. Our parsimonious model represents a generalised predator and prey species with a small prey refuge. The lack of the constraints of previous models, considered to be important for those models, casts doubt on the current hypothesised mechanisms of exclusive predator-prey systems. The implication for management of the lynx, a protected species, is that maintenance of an heterogeneous environment offering natural refuge areas for the hare is the most important factor for the conservation of this species. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Tags
Individual-based model Climate individual-based models Dynamics Landscape Pattern-oriented modelling Lynx-hare system Mustela-Clethrionomys system Prey-switching oscillations Cycles Ecological-systems Canada-lynx Snowshoe hare Population regulation