Will Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) Standard help? Modeling CAFE's impact on market share of electric vehicles

Authored by Mehdi Noori, Omer Tatari, Burak Sen

Date Published: 2017

DOI: 10.1016/j.enpol.2017.07.008

Sponsors: United States Department of Transportation

Platforms: No platforms listed

Model Documentation: Other Narrative Flow charts Mathematical description

Model Code URLs: Model code not found

Abstract

The purpose of Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) Standards is to enhance the fuel efficiency of passenger vehicles in the United States. Although these standards had been set constant for years, the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) set increasing CAFE standards in 2011 based on vehicle's footprint, requiring vehicle manufacturers to improve the fuel economy of the vehicles they produce. This resulting improvement in vehicle fuel economy is likely to influence consumers' decisions regarding new vehicle purchases, while the stringent CAFE standards are also likely to affect manufacturers' production costs and benefits. In addition, the government provides various incentives to support the adoption of alternative fuel vehicles (AFVs), including electric vehicles (EVs), which in turn will likewise influences consumers' decisions regarding purchasing a new vehicle. An agent-based model is developed in this paper to estimate the potential future market shares of EVs considering the existing inherent uncertainties under different policy scenarios, including the footprint-based CAFE regulation. The results show that, if implemented effectively in conjunction with the available government incentives, the CAFE regulation can accelerate EV market penetration and help the U.S. to move away from conventional vehicles, thus reducing fossil fuel dependency.

Tags

Agent-based model Agent-based modeling Evolution diffusion Validation Efficiency United-states Hybrid Penetration Footprint Ev market penetration Fuel economy Cafe standards Consumer choice Plug