Integrating Household Risk Mitigation Behavior in Flood Risk Analysis: An Agent-Based Model Approach

Authored by Toon Haer, W J Wouter Botzen, Jeroen C J H Aerts, Moel Hans de

Date Published: 2017

DOI: 10.1111/risa.12740

Sponsors: European Union Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO)

Platforms: NetLogo

Model Documentation: Other Narrative Flow charts Mathematical description

Model Code URLs: Model code not found

Abstract

Recent studies showed that climate change and socioeconomic trends are expected to increase flood risks in many regions. However, in these studies, human behavior is commonly assumed to be constant, which neglects interaction and feedback loops between human and environmental systems. This neglect of human adaptation leads to a misrepresentation of flood risk. This article presents an agent-based model that incorporates human decision making in flood risk analysis. In particular, household investments in loss-reducing measures are examined under three economic decision models: (1) expected utility theory, which is the traditional economic model of rational agents; (2) prospect theory, which takes account of bounded rationality; and (3) a prospect theory model, which accounts for changing risk perceptions and social interactions through a process of Bayesian updating. We show that neglecting human behavior in flood risk assessment studies can result in a considerable misestimation of future flood risk, which is in our case study an overestimation of a factor two. Furthermore, we show how behavior models can support flood risk analysis under different behavioral assumptions, illustrating the need to include the dynamic adaptive human behavior of, for instance, households, insurers, and governments. The method presented here provides a solid basis for exploring human behavior and the resulting flood risk with respect to low-probability/high-impact risks.
Tags
Management Insurance England Prospect-theory Loss aversion Prospect theory Flood risk Flood insurance Bayesian updating Expected utility theory Household adaptation Precautionary measures Private households Damage mitigation Changing climate York-city