The effect of female polyandry and sperm precedence on the evolution of sexual difference in dispersal timing
Authored by T Hirota
Date Published: 2005
DOI: 10.1111/j.1420-9101.2005.00973.x
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Abstract
Predispersal copulation and unpredictable environment facilitate the
evolution of female-biased dispersal in species, where females are
functionally monandrous. Females should migrate and reproduce over
different habitats to spread their risks due to environmental
fluctuation. On the other hand, males do not have to disperse because
their risks are spread by their mating partners who produce their
offspring in different habitats. However, when females are functionally
polyandrous, it is expected that they will not contribute to spreading
the male's risk extensively. Therefore, by simulation with the
individual based model, the present study evaluated how female polyandry
influences the sexual difference in dispersal timing. This model
revealed that when females are polyandrous, the timing of female
remating and sperm priority patterns have an important influence on the
evolution of sex-biased dispersal. Particularly when female remating is
not synchronized with dispersal or when last-male sperm precedence does
not exist, female-biased dispersal is evolved.
Tags
Competition
behavior
population
mammals
insects
Size
Lepidoptera
Butterflies
Biased dispersal
Pieris-rapae-crucivora